Guillaume de machaut composer biography

Most of these corrections involve the use of the apostrophe. In other cases, Chichmaref is content to reproduce a variety of spellings. Spelling is not standard within manuscripts, nor is spelling standard in modern sources. Since this was evidently not a major issue for Machaut, it will not be a major issue for us. Chichmaref and most sources do not footnote spelling variations.

Chichmaref does footnote variations in wording in different sources, although his footnotes are frequently cryptic. These have been suppressed for the present for reasons of textual clarity, but are available if needed. With the exception of the " E " manuscript, these variations tend to be small. The " E " manuscript, originally owned by the Duke of Berry, contains numerous textual variations, as well as some alternate music.

Chichmaref uses the " G " manuscript as his main source, checked against ten other primary sources. The other major edition of Machaut's text, Oeuvres de Guillaume de Machautedited by Ernest Hoepffner Paris, has also been consulted. It is extremely lacking as a scholarly edition, since it contains no index or footnotes, as well as no markings to separate individual poems.

However, it can be used to answer some questions. The issue of including footnotes on alternate readings in this project is still very open, and they may appear at any time. In addition, various other cross-checks will be undertaken. Finally, although much care has been taken to type everything correctly, it is undoubtedly true that other typographical errors have been added to those in Chichmaref whose reprint errata have been fully applied as well as those made by the original scribes.

Please contact me if you find such errors. In the event of a question of wording which cannot be resolved, microfilm facsimiles of the Machaut manuscripts will be consulted as a final source. Schrade titles, as well as correction of some typographical errors, provided by Sergey N. Lebedev, Moscow. To complete discography in one convenient file, with no texts or sources.

Please note that some items are listed multiple times, under alternate titles.

Guillaume de machaut composer biography

Please note also that although this listing is very complete for Machaut's authentic musical settings. Some non-musical poems and intabulations by others have also been included. These latter items are not deemed complete. The most recent release is given, except for some concurrent issues of differing programs. Also included are cassettes releases.

Acantha Fikon, fiddlor och finlir - Figs, fiddles and fine play En musikalisk smak av talet - A musical taste of the 14th century Falsobordone Rel. Alienor Domna Esther Lamandier Rec. And others Rec. Rec: Ensemble Obsidienne - Emmanuel Bonnardot Rel. Carus Jahrhunderts Instrumentalkreis Helga Weber Rel. Following troubadour tradition he wrote his own texts for his songs.

His accessible and very beautiful music is representative of the "Ars Nova" style, which he enriched in many ways, not least in his rhythmic innovations. Machaut produced both secular and liturgical music- ballades, rondeaux, and virelais, motets and Masses. To his writing he brought an expressiveness unknown in the "old art". With Machaut, music became not only a "new" art, but also a modern one.

Born near the yearpossibly in Rheims, very little is known of Machaut's first two decades, except that early in life he took holy orders we do know that he never advanced to the priesthood. The Machauts may have derived their name from a town in Champagne. From about tohe was employed by the John of Luxembourg, King of Bohemia, Though Guillaume was awarded several benefices within the decade, his function at John's court seems to have been chiefly literary and scribal - his posts included almoner, notary, and secretary.

However, John fancied himself a rather dashing soldier, and dragged his secretary from one campaign to the next; Machaut's writings suggest that years of following John resulted in gout, general debility, and a bad eye. New York Guillaume de Machaut c. As his name indicates, Guillaume was born in Machaut, a small town in northern France.

He was educated in Rheims, entered the priesthood, and in was employed as secretary to King John of Bohemia, traveling with him to many parts of Europe. He eventually retired to the position of canon a member of the clergy on permanent staff at Rheims Cathedral. Machaut contributed significant poetry and musical compositions in nearly every genre of the period including the newest, most advanced forms as well as the most traditional.

He wrote music in both the monophonic and polyphonic styles, with compositions for sacred occasions as well as motets for secular ceremonies and love songs. Much of the subject matter of his secular work is heavily influenced by the Roman de la Rose Romance of the Rosethe long allegorical poem from the thirteenth century by Guillaume de Lorris and Jean de Meun.

His largest guillaume de machaut composer biography compositions known as dits are sets of poems and musical compositions that contain idealized characters, issues, and situations from the courtly love tradition. Another dit, the Remede de Fortuneincludes seven musical compositions, each in a different form, probably intended to provide a model of each of the most popular genres of the period.

Machaut's Messe de Nostre Dame Mass of Our Lady is outstanding and unusual for a number of reasons: it is in four voice-parts throughout at a time when three-part writing was far more common ; the individual movements are much longer than comparable movements of other composers of the time; and it is the first known composition of the movements of the Mass Ordinary by a single composer intended to be performed intact, an idea that would become popular nearly years later.

At the end of his life Guillaume assembled all of his compositions into a set of manuscripts, grouping the compositions by formal type. Guillaume de Machaut gale. Learn more about citation styles Citation styles Encyclopedia. Machaut, Guillaume de gale. Motets, Dits, and Popular Genres. An Innovative Mass. Machaut, Guillaume de oxford.

Machaut, Guillaume de [ Guillaume de Machault ] b Reims, c. Secretary to John, Duke of Luxembourg from c. Canon of churches at Reims, Verdun, and S. Outstanding practitioner of ars nova and among first to comp. Also among last to compose in the medieval forms of lai and dit. His most important works are probably the Messe de Notre Dame for 4 vv.

Machaut's works, which incl. Machaut, Guillaume de —77 French poet, musician, and diplomat. His best-known poetry, which influenced Chaucer and anticipated the ballade and the rondeauis to be found in Le livre de Voir-dit. A leading figure of the ars novahe was among the first to compose polyphonic settings of poetry and the Mass. More From encyclopedia.

About this article Guillaume de Machaut All Sources. Updated Aug 13 About encyclopedia. Related Topics Guillaume de Lorris. Guillaume Cassegrain. Machaut survived the Black Death which devastated Europe, and spent his later years living in Rheims composing and supervising the creation of his complete-works manuscripts. Guillaume de Machaut's lyric output comprises around poems, including ballades, 76 rondeaux, 39 virelais, 24 lais, 10 complaintesand 7 chansons royalesand Machaut did much to perfect and codify these fixed forms.

Many of Machaut's poems are without music, and Machaut stated clearly that for him, guillaume de machaut composer biography the poem always preceded and had greater importance than composing the music. Other than his Latin motets of a religious nature and some poems invoking the horrors of war and captivity, the vast majority of Machaut's lyric poems partake of the conventions of courtly love and involve statements of service to a lady and the poet's pleasure and pains.

Guillaume de Machaut's narrative output is dominated by the "dit" literally "spoken," i. These first-person narrative poems all but one are written in octosyllabic rhymed couplets, like the Medieval French literature romance, or "roman" of the same period follow many of the conventions of the Roman de la Roseincluding the use of allegorical dreams songesallegorical characters, and the situation of the narrator-lover attempting to return toward or satisfy his lady.

Machaut is also responsible for a poetic chronicle of chivalric deeds the Prise d'Alexandrie and for poetic works of consolation and moral philosophy. His unusual self-reflective usage of himself as his lyrical persona as the narrator of his dits gleans some personal philosophical insights as well. Machaut was by far the most famous and influential composer of the fourteenth century.

His secular song output includes monophonic lais and virelaiswhich continue, in updated forms, some of the tradition of the troubadours. However, his work in the polyphonic forms of the ballade and rondeau was more significant historically, and he wrote the first complete setting of the Ordinary of the Mass which can be attributed to a single composer.

The vast majority of Machaut's works were secular in nature. His lyrics almost always dealt with courtly love.